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PHP 语言结构(Language constructs)和函数的区别

相信大家经常看到对比一些PHP应用中,说用isset() 替换 strlen(),isset比strlen执行速度快等。
例子:
         if ( isset($username[5]) ) {
                 // The username is at least six characters long.
}
原因是isset是语言结构,而strlen是一个函数。那什么是语言结构呢?它和函数有什么不同吗?
 
1、  什么是语言结构和函数
 
语言结构:就是PHP语言的关键词,语言语法的一部分;它不可以被用户定义或者添加到语言扩展或者库中;它可以有也可以没有变量和返回值。
函数:    由代码块组成的,可以复用。
 
2、  语言结构为什么比函数快
原因是在PHP中,函数都要先被PHP解析器分解成语言结构,所以有此可见,函数比语言结构多了一层解析器解析。这样就能比较好的理解为
什么语言结构比函数快了。
 
3、  语言结构和函数的不同
 
          语言结构比对应功能的函数快
          语言结构在错误处理上比较鲁棒,由于是语言关键词,所以不具备再处理的环节
          语言结构不能在配置项(php.ini)中禁用,函数则可以。
          语言结构不能被用做回调函数
 
4、  语言结构列表
 
          echo()
          print(),没错,这是一个语言结构
          die()
          isset() :只用于变量
          unset()
          include(),没有include_once()
          require(),没有require_once()
          array()
          list()
          empty() :只用于变量

下述情况,isset() 返回 TRUE :

$var = "";
$var = array();
$var = 0;
$var = false;
目前为止:只有被赋值null或者不赋值才不通过,建议使用empty
 

摘自:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_475429950100hk75.html
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