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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial#每日学习一个新的php函数 (1) substr()

#每天学习一个新的php函数 (1) substr()

最近发现自己的写代码的效率太低了。查找原因,发现大部分的时间都用来去查找手册找函数的用法去了,但是找当时用过后就马上忘掉了,第二次遇到这个函数还是的重新来过。浪费了大量的时间。所以决定写一个小结的集合,争取把每天遇到的最频繁的那个函数记载下来。

string substr ( string $string , int $start [, int $length ] )

该函数用来截取指定字符串,功能很强大。

param $start

如果 start 是非负数,返回的字符串将从 string 的 start 位置开始,从 0 开始计算。例如,在字符串 “abcdef” 中,在位置 0 的字符是 “a”,位置 2 的字符串是 “c” 等等。
如果 start 是负数,返回的字符串将从 string 结尾处向前数第 start 个字符开始。
如果 string 的长度小于或等于 start,将返回 FALSE。

param $length

如果提供了正数的 length,返回的字符串将从 start 处开始最多包括 length 个字符(取决于 string 的长度)。
如果提供了负数的 length,那么 string 末尾处的许多字符将会被漏掉(若 start 是负数则从字符串尾部算起)。如果 start 不在这段文本中,那么将返回一个空字符串。
如果提供了值为 0,FALSE 或 NULL 的 length,那么将返回一个空字符串。
如果没有提供 length,返回的子字符串将从 start 位置开始直到字符串结尾。

返回值

返回提取的子字符串, 或者在失败时返回 FALSE。

例子

<code class=" hljs ruby"><?php<span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);    <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"f"</span><span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">2</span>);    <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"ef"</span><span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"d"</span>?> <?php<span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);  <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"abcde"</span><span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);  <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"cde"</span><span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">4</span>);  <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">""</span><span class="hljs-variable">$rest</span> = substr(<span class="hljs-string">"abcdef"</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">3</span>, -<span class="hljs-number">1</span>); <span class="hljs-regexp">//</span> 返回 <span class="hljs-string">"de"</span>?> </code>
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