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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp生成随机密码的三种步骤

php生成随机密码的三种方法
使用PHP开发应用程序,尤其是网站程序,常常需要生成随机密码,如用户注册生成随机密码,用户重置密码也需要生成一个随机的密码。随机密码也就是一串固定长度的字符串,这里我收集整理了几种生成随机字符串的方法,以供大家参考。

方法一:
1、在 33 – 126 中生成一个随机整数,如 35,
2、将 35 转换成对应的ASCII码字符,如 35 对应 #
3、重复以上 1、2 步骤 n 次,连接成 n 位的密码
该算法主要用到了两个函数,mt_rand ( int $min , int $max )函数用于生成随机整数,其中 $min – $max 为 ASCII 码的范围,这里取 33 -126 ,可以根据需要调整范围,如ASCII码表中 97 – 122 位对应 a – z 的英文字母,具体可参考 ASCII码表; chr ( int $ascii )函数用于将对应整数 $ascii 转换成对应的字符。

function create_password( $pw_length = 8 ) {    $randpwd = '';    for ( $i = 0; $i <span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei; font-size:12px"><br><strong>方法二:</strong><br>1、预置一个的字符串 $chars ,包括 a – z,A – Z,0 – 9,以及一些特殊字符<br>2、在 $chars 字符串中随机取一个字符<br>3、重复第二步 n 次,可得长度为 n 的密码</span><br><pre code_snippet_id="250199" snippet_file_name="blog_20140322_2_4979244" name="code" class="php">function generate_password( $length = 8 ) {        // 密码字符集,可任意添加你需要的字符        $chars = [email protected]#$%^&*()-_ []{}~`+=,.;:/?|';        $password = '';        for ( $i = 0; $i <br><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei; font-size:12px"><strong>方法三:</strong><br>1、预置一个的字符数组 $chars ,包括 a – z,A – Z,0 – 9,以及一些特殊字符<br>2、通过array_rand()从数组 $chars 中随机选出 $length 个元素<br>3、根据已获取的键名数组 $keys,从数组 $chars 取出字符拼接字符串。该方法的缺点是相同的字符不会重复取。</span><br><pre code_snippet_id="250199" snippet_file_name="blog_20140322_3_8043123" name="code" class="php">function make_password( $length = 8 ) {        // 密码字符集,可任意添加你需要的字符        $chars = array( 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h',            'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's',            't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D',            'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O',            'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '!',            '@', '#', '$', '%', '^', '&', '*', '(', ')', '-', '_',            '[', ']', '{', '}', '', '~', '`', '+', '=', ',',            '.', ';', ':', '/', '?', '|' );        // 在 $chars 中随机取 $length 个数组元素键名        $keys = array_rand( $chars, $length );        $password = '';        for ( $i = 0; $i <br><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei; font-size:12px"><strong>时间效率对比</strong><br>我们使用以下PHP代码,计算上面的 3 个随机密码生成函数生成 6 位密码的运行时间,进而对他们的时间效率进行一个简单的对比。</span><br><pre code_snippet_id="250199" snippet_file_name="blog_20140322_4_6123513" name="code" class="php"><?phpfunction getmicrotime() {    list($usec, $sec) = explode( " ", microtime() );    return (( float ) $usec + ( float ) $sec);}// 记录开始时间$time_start = getmicrotime();// 这里放要执行的PHP代码,如:// echo create_password(6);// 记录结束时间$time_end = getmicrotime();$time = $time_end - $time_start;// 输出运行总时间echo "执行时间 $time seconds";?>

最终得出的结果是:
方法一:9.8943710327148E-5 秒
方法二:9.6797943115234E-5 秒
方法三:0.00017499923706055 秒

可以看出方法一和方法二的执行时间都差不多,而方法三的运行时间稍微长了点。


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