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php正则贪婪方式与懒惰模式

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Jun 13, 2016 am 10:49 AM

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php正则贪婪模式与懒惰模式
当正则表达式中包含能接受重复的限定符时，通常的行为是（在使整个表达式能得到匹配的前提下）匹配尽可能多的字符。考虑这个表达式：a.*b，它将会匹配最长的以a开始，以b结束的字符串。如果用它来搜索aabab的话，它会匹配整个字符串aabab。这被称为贪婪匹配。

有时，我们更需要懒惰匹配，也就是匹配尽可能少的字符。前面给出的限定符都可以被转化为懒惰匹配模式，只要在它后面加上一个问号?。这样.*?就意味着匹配任意数量的重复，但是在能使整个匹配成功的前提下使用最少的重复。现在看看懒惰版的例子吧：

a.*?b匹配最短的，以a开始，以b结束的字符串。如果把它应用于aabab的话，它会匹配aab（第一到第三个字符）和ab（第四到第五个字符）。

注意, 若pattern中使用了/i 表示不区分大小写
/s 表示.还匹配空白字符
/U 表示模式反转, 即贪婪匹配模式变成懒惰匹配模式, 懒惰匹配模式变成贪婪匹配模式

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