PHP4中已经有了重载的语法来建立对于外部对象模型的映射,就像Java和COM那样. PHP5带来了强大的面向对象重载,允许程序员建立自定义的行为来访问属性和调用方法。
重载可以通过__get, __set, and __call几个特殊方法来进行. 当Zend引擎试图访问一个成员并没有找到时,PHP将会调用这些方法.
在下面的例子中,__get和__set代替所有对属性变量数组的访问. 如果必要,你可以实现任何类型你想要的过滤. 例如,脚本可以禁止设置属性值, 在开始时用一定的前缀或包含一定类型的值.
__call方法说明了你如何调用未经定义的方法. 你调用未定义方法时,方法名和方法接收的参数将会传给__call方法, PHP传递__call的值返回给未定义的方法.
Listing1 User-level overloading
class Overloader
{
private $properties = array();
function __get($property_name)
{
if(isset($this->properties[$property_name]))
{
return($this->properties[$property_name]);
}
else
{
return(NULL);
}
}
function __set($property_name, $value)
{
$this->properties[$property_name] = $value;
}
function __call($function_name, $args)
{
print("Invoking $function_name() n");
print("Arguments: ");
print_r($args);
return(TRUE);
}
}
$o = new Overloader();
//invoke __set() 给一个不存在的属性变量赋值,激活__set()
$o->dynaProp = "Dynamic Content";
//invoke __get() 激活__get()
print($o->dynaProp . "n");
//invoke __call() 激活__call()
$o->dynaMethod("Leon", "Zeev");
?>

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