How to Install Opcache to Improve PHP Performance on Linux

This guide details how to install and configure Opcache to boost PHP performance on a Linux server. Opcache, a built-in PHP opcode caching mechanism, stores compiled bytecode in shared memory, significantly speeding up script execution.

Understanding Opcache

Opcache accelerates PHP by caching compiled scripts. When a request arrives, Opcache checks its memory for a compiled version. If found, it skips the time-consuming parsing and compilation steps, leading to faster response times and reduced server load.

Installation on Linux

Begin by updating your system's package repository:

sudo apt update  # Debian/Ubuntu
sudo dnf update  # RHEL/CentOS

Then, install Opcache:

sudo apt install php-opcache  # Debian/Ubuntu
sudo yum install php-opcache  # RHEL/CentOS

Verify the installation:

php -m | grep opcache
# or
php -i | grep opcache

Successful installation displays "opcache".

Configuration

Locate your php.ini file:

php --ini

Edit the file (e.g., using sudo nano /etc/php/7.4/apache2/php.ini - adjust the path according to your PHP version and web server):

; Enable Opcache
opcache.enable=1

; Memory allocation (adjust as needed)
opcache.memory_consumption=128

; Maximum cached scripts
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000

; Revalidation frequency (seconds)
opcache.revalidate_freq=2

; Enable timestamp validation
opcache.validate_timestamps=1

; Maximum file size (MB)
opcache.max_file_size=2M

; Enable Opcache for CLI
opcache.enable_cli=1

Save the changes and restart your web server (e.g., sudo systemctl restart apache2 or sudo systemctl restart nginx).

Testing and Monitoring

Create a info.php file (e.g., in /var/www/html/) containing <?php phpinfo(); ?>. Access it via your browser (e.g., http://your_server_ip/info.php). The "Opcode Caching" section confirms Opcache's functionality.

For detailed monitoring, consider using a tool like opcache-gui:

git clone https://github.com/amnuts/opcache-gui.git
sudo mv opcache-gui /var/www/html/

Access it through your browser (e.g., http://your-server-ip/opcache-gui).

Alternatively, use the command line:

php -i | grep opcache

Conclusion

By implementing Opcache, you can significantly enhance PHP application performance, resulting in faster loading times and a better user experience. Remember to adjust the memory allocation and other settings based on your server's resources and application needs.

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