Why does garbled code appear in Chinese when running Python CGI scripts on an Apache server?

Solution to the Chinese garbled code of Apache server running Python CGI scripts

When running Python CGI scripts on Apache servers, you often encounter garbled Chinese. This is usually caused by inconsistent character encoding between server and client. This article will analyze a real case and provide a solution.

The user configured the following command on the Apache server:

 <code>scriptalias /cgi-bin/ "d:/demoproject/apache/www/"<directory> allowoverride none options execcgi require all granted</directory> addhandler cgi-script .cgi .pl .py</code>

Python scripts are encoded using UTF-8. However, when the script contains the following code, the Chinese text shows garbled code:

 print('<meta charset="utf-8"> ')

Strangely, after commenting out this line of code, the Chinese display is normal.

The root of the problem lies in the default encoding of the Apache server (probably GBK), which does not match the UTF-8 encoding of Python scripts. when<meta charset="utf-8"> When commented out, the browser may fall back to the system default encoding (GBK), which happens to be consistent with the server encoding, thus avoiding garbled code.

Solution:

Make sure the encoding of Apache server and Python scripts is consistent. It can be solved in the following ways:

1. Modify the Apache configuration file: In the Apache configuration file, you can try to add or modify the relevant encoding settings to force Apache to use UTF-8 encoding. This needs to be adjusted according to the specific configuration of the Apache version, which may include adding AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 instructions, etc.

2. Modify Python scripts: In Python scripts, use sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter('utf-8')(sys.stdout) to set the output encoding to UTF-8. Add this line of code before outputting the HTML header, making sure all output is encoded using UTF-8. The complete code example is as follows:

 import sys
import codecs

sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter('utf-8')(sys.stdout)

print('Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8\n') # Note that you also need to specify the encoding print('<meta charset="utf-8"> ')
print('
 Hello World!
 ')
print(' ')

3. Unified encoding: Ensure that the entire system (including operating system, database, Apache server, and Python scripts) use the same character encoding, such as UTF-8.

Through the above methods, the problem of Chinese garbled code on the Apache server running Python CGI scripts can be effectively solved, ensuring that the web page can correctly display Chinese content. Which method to choose depends on the specific system environment and configuration. It is recommended to try modifying Python scripts first, and if the problem still exists, then consider modifying the Apache configuration file.

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