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Robust user authentication is crucial for application security. Building this functionality from scratch is time-consuming and complex, increasing the risk of security vulnerabilities. Firebase simplifies this process significantly, offering a streamlined approach to user identity management. This tutorial demonstrates how to implement user registration, verification, and authentication using Firebase v9's modular API.
This tutorial assumes familiarity with React, React hooks, and Firebase v8. You'll need a Google account and Node.js installed.
Table of Contents
Setting up Firebase
Project Setup
Clone the starter repository:
git clone -b starter https://github.com/Tammibriggs/Firebase_user_auth.git cd Firebase_user_auth npm install
This includes Firebase v9 in package.json
. Run npm start
to launch the application.
Firebase Integration
firebase.js
in your React app's src
directory.// src/firebase.js import { initializeApp } from 'firebase/app'; import { getAuth } from 'firebase/auth';
// src/firebase.js const firebaseConfig = { /* Your config here */ }; const app = initializeApp(firebaseConfig); const auth = getAuth(app); export { auth };
User Registration
The Register.js
component uses createUserWithEmailAndPassword
(Firebase v9). Password validation ensures matching passwords. The registration function handles user creation and error handling. The form's onSubmit
event triggers the registration process.
User State Management (React Context API)
An AuthContext.js
file provides a context for managing user state. AuthProvider
shares the user state, and useAuthValue
accesses it. App.js
wraps components with AuthProvider
, and onAuthStateChanged
updates the user state.
Email Verification
After registration, sendEmailVerification
sends a verification email. The user is redirected to a /verify-email
page. This page displays the user's email and a "Resend Email" button with a 60-second cooldown using useEffect
and state management to prevent rate limiting. Once verified, the user is automatically redirected to their profile.
Profile Page
The Profile.js
component displays user email and verification status using useAuthValue
. The "Sign Out" button utilizes signOut
from Firebase.
Private Route Protection
PrivateRoute.js
restricts access to the profile page to verified users using Redirect
. The App.js
routes are updated to use PrivateRoute
for the profile component.
Login Functionality
The Login.js
component uses signInWithEmailAndPassword
. After login, it checks email verification and redirects to /verify-email
if necessary, starting the 60-second countdown.
Summary
This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to implementing secure user authentication in a React application using Firebase v9. The use of Firebase simplifies the process significantly, offering a robust and efficient solution.
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