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Yii's asset manager provides a streamlined way to include and manage CSS and JavaScript files in your Yii applications. Instead of manually adding <link>
and <script></script>
tags in your views, you utilize bundles to group related assets. This approach promotes better organization, maintainability, and performance.
To use the asset manager, you first need to create an asset bundle. This is typically done by extending the yii\web\AssetBundle
class. Within this class, you specify the source path containing your assets (CSS and JS files), the published URL where the assets will be served, and a list of CSS and JS files to be included.
<code class="php"><?php namespace app\assets; use yii\web\AssetBundle; class AppAsset extends AssetBundle { public $basePath = '@webroot'; public $baseUrl = '@web'; public $css = [ 'css/site.css', ]; public $js = [ 'js/site.js', ]; public $depends = [ 'yii\web\YiiAsset', 'yii\bootstrap5\BootstrapAsset', ]; }</code></code>
This example creates an AppAsset
bundle. basePath
and baseUrl
define the location of the assets on the server and their URL respectively. css
and js
arrays list the CSS and JavaScript files. depends
specifies other asset bundles this bundle relies on (in this case, Yii's core assets and Bootstrap 5).
Finally, you register the asset bundle in your view using $this->registerAssetBundle()
:
<code class="php"><?php use app\assets\AppAsset; AppAsset::register($this); ?> <title>My Yii Application</title> <h1>Hello, Yii!</h1> </code>
This registers the AppAsset
bundle, automatically including the specified CSS and JavaScript files in the section of your HTML.
Using Yii's asset manager offers several advantages over manually including assets:
depends
property ensures that necessary assets are included automatically, preventing conflicts and ensuring correct functionality.Yii's asset manager provides several mechanisms for optimizing asset loading performance:
<script></script>
tags or using advanced techniques like code splitting.Yii's asset manager readily supports managing assets from various bundles and locations. You can register multiple asset bundles in your view, and each bundle can have its own source path and dependencies. This allows for a modular approach to managing assets.
For assets located in different directories or even external sources (e.g., a CDN), you simply adjust the basePath
and baseUrl
properties of your asset bundles accordingly. The depends
property allows you to create a dependency tree, ensuring assets are included in the correct order and preventing conflicts. You can also use $this->registerCssFile()
and $this->registerJsFile()
for individual files that don't belong to a bundle.
By leveraging these features, you can effectively manage and optimize the loading of CSS and JavaScript files in your Yii applications, resulting in a more efficient and user-friendly experience.
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