Introducing the HTML5 Herald Sample Site

This book excerpt introduces the HTML5 Herald, a sample website built to illustrate HTML5 and CSS3 concepts. It highlights key improvements in HTML5 syntax, including simplified DOCTYPE declarations, new semantic elements, and enhanced form controls. The excerpt also addresses cross-browser compatibility, particularly for older versions of Internet Explorer, using the HTML5 shiv. Finally, it provides a basic HTML5 template and explains the purpose of various elements within the and .

Key improvements detailed:

• Simplified DOCTYPE: The complex DOCTYPE declarations of previous HTML versions are replaced with the simple .
• New Semantic Elements: HTML5 introduces elements like <article></article>, <section></section>, <nav></nav>, and <aside></aside> to improve document structure and accessibility.
• Enhanced Form Controls: New input types such as email, url, date, and number simplify form creation and validation.
• Multimedia Elements: The <audio></audio> and <video></video> elements allow for easy embedding of multimedia content.
• HTML5 Shiv: A JavaScript snippet to ensure styling of new HTML5 elements in older Internet Explorer versions.

The excerpt provides a basic HTML5 template, explaining the purpose and function of elements like <meta charset>, <title></title>, <link rel="stylesheet">, and <script></script>. It also emphasizes best practices for script placement at the bottom of the page to improve loading speed.

(Excerpt from "HTML5 & CSS3 for the Real World, 2nd Edition" by Alexis Goldstein, Louis Lazaris, and Estelle Weyl.)

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