What's New and Exciting in PHP 7.1?

Important update to PHP 7.1: Improve performance and code readability

PHP 7.1 version brings many exciting new features that significantly improve performance and code readability. This article focuses on some of the most critical improvements, and see PHP RFC for more details.

1. ArgumentCountError Exception:

Before PHP 7.1, insufficient number of function parameters would only generate warnings. Now, insufficient parameters will throw an exception to the ArgumentCountError, which makes error handling more clear and effective.

<code class="language-php">// PHP 7.1
function sum($a, $b) {
    return $a + $b;
}

sum(); // 抛出 ArgumentCountError 异常</code>

2. Nullable type (?Type):

PHP 7.1 allows parameters and return values ​​to be declared as nullable types, i.e. they can be of a specified type or null.

<code class="language-php">function sum(?int $a, ?int $b): ?int {
    return $a + $b ?? null; // 使用 null 合并运算符处理 null 值
}</code>

3. Improvement of array deconstruction:

Arrays can now be deconstructed using key names, providing a more flexible way to process arrays.

<code class="language-php">["a" => $a, "b" => $b] = ["a" => 1, "b" => 2];
var_dump($a, $b); // int(1) int(2)</code>

4. Iterable type:

iterable Pseudotype allows functions to accept arrays or objects that implement the Traversable interface.

<code class="language-php">function dump(iterable $items) {
    var_dump($items);
}</code>

5. Closure::fromCallable():

This method provides an efficient way to create Closure objects.

6. void return type:

void The return type declaration function does not return a value.

7. Class constant visibility:

Class constants can now declare visibility like properties and methods (public, protected, private).

8. Multiple exception type capture:

The | can be used to capture multiple exception types in a catch block.

<code class="language-php">try {
    // ...
} catch (Exception1 | Exception2 $e) {
    // ...
}</code>

9. Invalid string arithmetic warning:

PHP 7.1 issues a warning for invalid string arithmetic operations, improving the robustness of the code.

10. Other improvements:

also includes improvements to the list() function, as well as some other performance optimizations.

Summary:

These new features of PHP 7.1 significantly enhance the expressiveness and security of the language, and improve the readability and maintenance of the code. Developers are advised to upgrade to PHP 7.1 or later to take advantage of these improvements.

FAQ:

(Frequently asked questions about the above features can be added here, similar to the FAQ part of the original text, but needs to be reorganized and polished to avoid duplication.)

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