How to Efficiently Pass Data Between Scenes in Unity?

Passing Data Between Scenes in Unity

Problem: Passing a score value from one scene to another using PlayerPrefs in Unity.

Solution:

1. Static Variables

This method is suitable for primitive data types (e.g., int, float) or classes that do not inherit from MonoBehaviour. Example:

public static int score;

// In Scene 1
score++;

// In Scene 2
Debug.Log(score); // Displays the updated score

2. DontDestroyOnLoad

For GameObjects or components, use DontDestroyOnLoad() in the Awake() function to prevent them from being destroyed when the scene changes.

void Awake()
{
    GameObject.DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
}

3. PlayerPrefs

PlayerPrefs provides persistent storage for simple data types.

// In Scene 1
PlayerPrefs.SetInt("score", 50);

// In Scene 2
int score = PlayerPrefs.GetInt("score");

4. Serialization

For complex data structures, use serialization to JSON or XML. Then, save the data to a file using FileIO and load it in the next scene.

[Serializable]
public class PlayerData
{
    public int score;
}

// In Scene 1
PlayerData data = new PlayerData();
data.score = 100;
File.WriteAllText("playerdata.json", JsonUtility.ToJson(data));

// In Scene 2
PlayerData data = JsonUtility.FromJson<PlayerData>(File.ReadAllText("playerdata.json"));

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