1. Promote abstraction
- Interface Definition Contract:
- The interface specification class should What to do instead of how to do . This abstract decoupling client code (dependence on interface) and specific implementation. For interface programming, you focus on defining behaviors rather than specific implementation.
Relying on inverted principles (DIP):
High -level modules (business logic) should not depend on low -level modules (implementation); both should rely on abstraction (interface).- For example: service can depend on the interface, not specific implementation, such as or . This ensures flexibility and reduces coupling.
-
PaymentProcessor
PaymentGateway
StripeGateway
3. Support polymorphismPayPalGateway
Facing interface programming, multiple classes can achieve the same interface, so that they can be easily swapped to use them.
For example: and both realize the
interface. If your code depends on instead of specific implementation, you can switch between- and
- without modifying the code.
-
ArrayList
LinkedList
4. Improve code flexibility and reuseList
List
ArrayList
LinkedList
Easy to replace: You can replace one implementation with another implementation (for example, switch from one database service to another database service) without changing the client code.
Repeatability:
The code written for the interface can be seamlessly work with any class.
- 5. Simplify testing and simulation
- Simulation for testing:
- The interface allows the creation of analog implementation for unit testing. For example: If you depend on the interface, you can use simulation to perform testing instead of actual database.
6. Facing the future
- Add new implementation is simpler because you don't need to modify the existing code. You only need to create a new class that realizes existing interfaces.
- Example
DatabaseService
class can work with any
implementation (, , etc.) without modification.
- Key advantage review:
Dealing code (reduced tight coupling).
// 接口 public interface Animal { void speak(); } // 实现 1 public class Dog implements Animal { @Override public void speak() { System.out.println("Woof!"); } } // 实现 2 public class Cat implements Animal { @Override public void speak() { System.out.println("Meow!"); } } // 客户端代码 public class AnimalSound { public void makeAnimalSpeak(Animal animal) { animal.speak(); } }Makes the code easier to expand and maintain.
- Simplified testing.
Animal
AnimalSound
Encourage the principle of OOP, such as abstraction and polymorphism.Animal
Dog
Cat
Through interface programming, you can build a system that is flexible, modular and more in line with the best practice.
The above is the detailed content of java-core-: programming-to-an-interface. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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