What Limits the Number of Threads in a .NET Application?

Exploring the number of threads in .NET applications

Question: How many threads can a .NET application create? What happens if the limit is exceeded?

Answer: Contrary to popular belief, there is no inherent upper limit on the number of threads that a C# application can create. The maximum number of threads ultimately depends on available physical resources, such as CPU cores and memory.

When resource limits are reached, the operating system's (OS) thread scheduler manages the allocation and release of threads to ensure system stability and prevent exceptions. However, excessive thread creation can lead to performance degradation and resource starvation.

It is important to note that creating a large number of threads is not always an efficient optimization method.

Other considerations:

• Default number of threads in .NET thread pool:

  • Framework 4.0: 1023 in 32-bit environment, 32767 in 64-bit environment
  • Framework 3.5: 250 per core
  • Framework 2.0: 25 per core

• Actual thread limits may vary depending on hardware and operating system configuration.

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