How to Effectively Handle Exceptions in ASP.NET Core Web APIs?

Robust Exception Management in ASP.NET Core Web APIs

Migrating from traditional ASP.NET Web APIs to ASP.NET Core often reveals discrepancies in exception handling. Custom exception handling filters, such as ErrorHandlingFilter, may not always intercept all exceptions, especially those originating within action filters.

Comprehensive Solution

ASP.NET 8 and Later:

1. Implement the IExceptionHandler interface to create a centralized exception handler:

<code class="language-csharp">public class MyExceptionHandler : IExceptionHandler
{
    public async ValueTask<bool> TryHandleAsync(...) { ... }
}</code>

2. Register the exception handler middleware in your application's configuration:

<code class="language-csharp">builder.Services.AddExceptionHandler<MyExceptionHandler>();
app.UseExceptionHandler(_ => { });</code>

Earlier Versions of ASP.NET Core:

1. Utilize a Startup class to manage middleware:

<code class="language-csharp">public class Startup
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { ... }
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app) { ... }
}</code>

2. Within ConfigureServices, register a custom exception filter:

<code class="language-csharp">services.AddMvc(options =>
{
    options.Filters.Add(new MyExceptionHandlerFilter());
});</code>

3. Implement the MyExceptionHandlerFilter to process exceptions:

<code class="language-csharp">public class MyExceptionHandlerFilter : IAsyncExceptionFilter
{
    public async Task OnExceptionAsync(...) { ... }
}</code>

This strategy guarantees consistent capture and handling of exceptions originating from both application logic and action filters, providing a more robust error management system.

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