How Can I Effectively Handle Exceptions in ASP.NET Core Web API?

Robust Error Management in ASP.NET Core Web APIs

ASP.NET Core's exception handling differs significantly from its ASP.NET Web API predecessor. This guide outlines best practices for effective error management.

Exception Handling Filters: A Starting Point

While exception handling filters are useful for managing exceptions within controller actions, they don't capture exceptions originating from action filters. For comprehensive error handling, the IExceptionHandler interface is crucial.

Leveraging the IExceptionHandler Interface

IExceptionHandler provides a global mechanism for exception handling, capturing exceptions from both controllers and action filters.

Implementation Example:

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics;

public class MyExceptionHandler : IExceptionHandler
{
    public async ValueTask<bool> TryHandleAsync(
        HttpContext context, 
        Exception exception, 
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        // Implement custom exception handling logic here.  
        // Set appropriate HTTP status codes and response bodies.
        // ...

        return true; // Indicates the exception has been handled.
    }
}

Middleware Integration

After creating your IExceptionHandler implementation, register it within your Startup class:

builder.Services.AddExceptionHandler<MyExceptionHandler>();

app.UseExceptionHandler(_ => { });

Handling Multiple Exceptions

ASP.NET Core supports registering multiple IExceptionHandler implementations. The order of registration dictates the invocation sequence. Returning true from TryHandleAsync signals that the exception has been handled; otherwise, the exception propagates to subsequent handlers.

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