Exploring Python After Learning JavaScript

Table of Contents

• Why learn Python?
• Grammar comparison
  • Variable
  • Function
    • String interpolation
  • Conditional statement
  • Data structure
  • Loop
• Similarities and Differences between Python and JavaScript
• Tips for JavaScript developers to learn Python
• Which one should you choose for your next project?
• Summary

Learning a new programming language can be daunting, but also incredibly rewarding. If you've just mastered JavaScript, learning more about Python can open up new opportunities in data science, machine learning, web development, and more. This article will explore why it’s worth learning Python, its syntax highlights, comparisons to JavaScript, and some practical tips for getting started.

Why learn Python?

Python is one of the most popular programming languages ​​today, known for its simplicity and versatility. Created in 1991, Python has become a commonly used language in:

• Data Science and Analysis: Libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib excel at data processing and visualization.
• Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence: TensorFlow, PyTorch, and Scikit-learn provide powerful tools for building intelligent models.
• Web Development: Frameworks like Django and Flask simplify the creation of robust web applications.
• Automation and Scripting: Python’s ease of use makes it ideal for automating repetitive tasks.

Understand Python syntax

Python’s syntax is concise and clear, making it easy for beginners to get started, emphasizing readability and simplicity. Here are examples of core language features:

Variable

Python: Variables do not require an explicit type declaration - it is inferred from the assigned value.

x = 10
greeting = "Hi"
likes_coding = True

JavaScript: Use let, const or var to declare variables.

let x = 10;
const greeting = "Hi";
let likesCoding = true;

Function

One of the most significant differences between Python and JavaScript is how they structure blocks of code.

In Python, indentation is not optional; it is mandatory and forms an integral part of the syntax. Indentation defines the structure and flow of code, such as loops, conditional statements, and function definitions.

For example, Python requires loops to have consistent indentation to execute correctly.

Functions are defined using the def keyword. The f prefix ensures that variables or expressions within {} are evaluated and inserted into the string. Missing or inconsistent indentation will result in a SyntaxError.

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"  # 正确的缩进
# 调用函数
message = greet("Mei")
print(message)  # 输出：Hello, Mei!

In contrast, JavaScript uses braces ({}) to define blocks of code, and indentation is a style choice, not a requirement. Template literals (enclosed in backticks) allow embedded variables or expressions using ${}.

Functions are defined using the function keyword or arrow syntax.

function greet(name) {
    return `Hello, ${name}!`; // 缩进是可选的
}

// 箭头语法
const greet = (name) => { return `Hello, ${name}!`; }

Conditional statement

Python: Use if, elif and else.

age = 20
if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
elif age >= 13:
    print("Teenager")
else:
    print("Child")

JavaScript: Use if, else if and else.

x = 10
greeting = "Hi"
likes_coding = True

Data structure

List (array in JavaScript):

let x = 10;
const greeting = "Hi";
let likesCoding = true;

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"  # 正确的缩进
# 调用函数
message = greet("Mei")
print(message)  # 输出：Hello, Mei!

Dictionary (object in JavaScript):

function greet(name) {
    return `Hello, ${name}!`; // 缩进是可选的
}

// 箭头语法
const greet = (name) => { return `Hello, ${name}!`; }

Loop

Both languages ​​have for loops, but the structure is different.

age = 20
if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
elif age >= 13:
    print("Teenager")
else:
    print("Child")

let age = 20;
if (age >= 18) {
    console.log("Adult");
} else if (age >= 13) {
    console.log("Teenager");
} else {
    console.log("Child");
}

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