How to Use a WHERE...IN Subquery with Doctrine 2's Query Builder?

Employing WHERE...IN Subqueries within Doctrine 2's Query Builder

This example demonstrates retrieving order items associated with orders containing a specific item, mirroring the functionality of an SQL query:

Equivalent SQL Query:

<code class="language-sql">SELECT DISTINCT i.id, i.name, order.name 
FROM items i 
JOIN orders o ON i.order_id=o.id 
WHERE o.id IN (
   SELECT o2.id FROM orders o2
   JOIN items i2 ON i2.order_id=o2.id AND i2.id=5
)
AND i.id != 5
ORDER BY o.orderdate DESC
LIMIT 10;</code>

Doctrine 2 Query Builder Implementation:

<code class="language-php"><?php // Access Doctrine's ExpressionBuilder
$expr = $em->getExpressionBuilder();

$qb = $em->createQueryBuilder();
$qb
    ->select(array('DISTINCT i.id', 'i.name', 'o.name'))
    ->from('Item', 'i')
    ->join('i.order', 'o')
    ->where(
        $expr->in(
            'o.id',
            $em->createQueryBuilder()
                ->select('o2.id')
                ->from('Order', 'o2')
                ->join('Item', 
                       'i2', 
                       \Doctrine\ORM\Query\Expr\Join::WITH, 
                       $expr->andX(
                           $expr->eq('i2.order', 'o2'),
                           $expr->eq('i2.id', '?1')
                       )
                )
                ->getDQL()
        )
    )
    ->andWhere($expr->neq('i.id', '?2'))
    ->orderBy('o.orderdate', 'DESC')
    ->setParameter(1, 5)
    ->setParameter(2, 5);</code>

Important Considerations:

• Performance limitations might arise with Doctrine 2's handling of LIMIT clauses in subqueries.
• While the IN clause conventionally expects an array, it also accommodates subqueries.
• Reusing the same parameter for both id instances is recommended for consistency, although not strictly required.

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