How to Support Multiple JWT Issuers in ASP.NET Core?

Handling Multiple JWT Issuers in ASP.NET Core 2

This guide demonstrates how to configure ASP.NET Core 2 to authenticate requests using JWTs from various sources, such as external APIs or custom authentication systems. While standard ASP.NET Core JWT Bearer authentication typically supports a single authority, this limitation can be overcome with a multi-scheme approach.

Configuration Steps

Implementing support for multiple JWT issuers involves these key steps:

1. Add the AddAuthentication middleware without specifying a default scheme.
2. Define each authentication scheme using AddJwtBearer, assigning a unique name to each. Configure the Authority and TokenValidationParameters for each scheme individually.
3. Modify the default authorization policy to accept all configured authentication schemes.

Here’s a code example illustrating this configuration:

services
    .AddAuthentication()
    .AddJwtBearer("Firebase", options =>
    {
        options.Authority = "https://securetoken.google.com/my-firebase-project";
        options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
        {
            ValidateIssuer = true,
            ValidIssuer = "my-firebase-project",
            ValidateAudience = true,
            ValidAudience = "my-firebase-project",
            ValidateLifetime = true
        };
    })
    .AddJwtBearer("Custom", options =>
    {
        // Custom JWT token configuration
    });

services
    .AddAuthorization(options =>
    {
        options.DefaultPolicy = new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()
            .RequireAuthenticatedUser()
            .AddAuthenticationSchemes("Firebase", "Custom")
            .Build();
    });

Advanced Considerations and Troubleshooting

• For complex authorization needs, leverage policy-based authorization.
• In .NET Core 6 and later, remember to explicitly set a default authentication scheme.
• The IDX10501 error often arises from the system's policy evaluation order. Careful review of your policy configurations is crucial.

This method allows you to seamlessly integrate authentication and authorization from multiple JWT issuers within your ASP.NET Core 2 application.

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