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Mocking HttpContext in ASP.NET MVC using Moq: A Practical Guide
When unit testing ASP.NET MVC controllers with Moq, mocking HttpContext
presents a challenge due to its read-only nature. Attempting to directly assign a mocked HttpContext
to a controller's HttpContext
property results in an error, as seen in this example:
<code class="language-csharp">[TestMethod] public void Home_Message_Display_Unknown_User_when_coockie_does_not_exist() { var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>(); var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>(); context .Setup(c => c.Request) .Returns(request.Object); HomeController controller = new HomeController(); controller.HttpContext = context.Object; // Error: Read-only property }</code>
The solution lies in manipulating the ControllerContext
instead. This approach provides access to the underlying HttpContext
without violating the read-only constraint. Here's how:
<code class="language-csharp">controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(context.Object, new RouteData(), controller);</code>
Another effective method involves overriding the Initialize
method within your base controller. This allows you to inject the mocked HttpContext
into the RequestContext
:
<code class="language-csharp">protected override void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext) { base.Initialize(requestContext); requestContext.HttpContext = context.Object; }</code>
For comprehensive guidance on mocking HttpRequestBase
and HttpContext
using Moq, refer to the following Microsoft documentation:
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