How Can I Overload Arithmetic Operators for Constrained Generic Classes in C#?

C# Generic class arithmetic operator overloading

In C#, overloading arithmetic operators on a generic class requires a way to ensure that the generic type supports arithmetic operations. The code provided demonstrates the inability to apply the operator to a generic type T without specific constraints.

To solve this problem, we can use the IConvertible interface as a constraint on the generic class. This interface defines a set of methods for converting between various data types, including numeric types. Here is an example of how to implement arithmetic operator overloading using the IConvertible constraint:

<code class="language-csharp">public static operator T +(T x, T y)
where T : IConvertible
{
    Type type = typeof(T);
    if (type == typeof(string) ||
        type == typeof(DateTime)) throw new ArgumentException($"类型 {type.FullName} 不受支持", "T");

    try { return (T)(object)(x.ToDouble(NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo) + y.ToDouble(NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo)); }
    catch (Exception ex) { throw new ApplicationException("操作失败。", ex); }
}</code>

This implementation checks for unsupported types (such as strings and dates) and converts the operands to double values ​​before performing the addition operation. This allows arithmetic operations to be performed on generic numeric types.

By using the IConvertible constraint, we can define arithmetic operators for generic classes that accept primitive numeric types that support arithmetic operations. This provides a flexible and scalable solution for working with numeric data in generic code.

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