How Can I Prevent Memory Leaks When Using CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap() in WPF?

Addressing Memory Leaks in WPF When Using CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap()

WPF applications frequently display images generated pixel by pixel. A common approach involves using System.Drawing.Bitmap and converting it to a BitmapSource via CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(). However, this method can cause memory leaks if not handled carefully.

The Root of the Problem

The core issue stems from GetHbitmap(). This function returns a GDI bitmap object, whose memory is managed by the Windows operating system. Crucially, this memory requires explicit release using DeleteObject(). Failure to do so results in memory accumulation with each call to CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap().

The Solution: Proper Resource Management

To prevent memory leaks, it's essential to correctly dispose of the GDI bitmap object after creating the BitmapSource. The following code demonstrates the correct approach:

// Import the DeleteObject() method
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);

// Code to create and dispose of the Bitmap
using (System.Drawing.Bitmap bmp = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(1000, 1000))
{
    IntPtr hBitmap = bmp.GetHbitmap();

    try
    {
        var source = System.Windows.Interop.Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(hBitmap, IntPtr.Zero, Int32Rect.Empty, System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
        // Use the 'source' BitmapSource here...
    }
    finally
    {
        DeleteObject(hBitmap);
    }
}

Using the using Statement for Enhanced Safety

The using statement provides a cleaner and safer way to manage resources, ensuring automatic disposal even if exceptions occur.

By employing these techniques, you effectively eliminate memory leaks associated with CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(), maintaining optimal memory management within your WPF applications.

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