How to Initialize HttpContext.Current.Session for Unit Testing?

Unit Testing Web Services: Handling HttpContext.Current.Session

Unit testing web services often requires managing HttpContext.Current.Session to avoid null reference exceptions. Directly accessing the session without proper setup will fail. While mocking HttpContext using SimpleWorkerRequest is common, setting session values using HttpContext.Current.Session["key"] = "value" often results in errors because the session isn't initialized.

The solution involves accurately simulating the session within the unit test. This can be achieved by creating a HttpContext with a custom session container.

Method 1: Manual HttpContext and Session Creation

This method directly constructs the HttpContext and its session:

<code class="language-csharp">public static HttpContext FakeHttpContext()
{
    var httpRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://example.com/", "");
    var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
    var httpResponse = new HttpResponse(stringWriter);
    var httpContext = new HttpContext(httpRequest, httpResponse);

    var sessionContainer = new HttpSessionStateContainer("id", new SessionStateItemCollection(),
                                            new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(), 10, true,
                                            HttpCookieMode.AutoDetect,
                                            SessionStateMode.InProc, false);

    httpContext.Items["AspSession"] = typeof(HttpSessionState).GetConstructor(
                                BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance,
                                null, CallingConventions.Standard,
                                new[] { typeof(HttpSessionStateContainer) },
                                null)
                        .Invoke(new object[] { sessionContainer });

    return httpContext;
}</code>

Method 2: Using SessionStateUtility

A more concise approach utilizes the SessionStateUtility class:

<code class="language-csharp">SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(httpContext, sessionContainer);</code>

This simplifies the process of attaching the session container to the HttpContext. Remember to include the necessary using statements for both methods.

By employing either of these methods, you effectively simulate a functional HttpContext with an initialized session, allowing you to set and retrieve session values within your unit tests. This ensures reliable and accurate testing of your web service logic.

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