Managing Date Formats in SQL Server
When working with dates in SQL Server, it's important to consider the appropriate data type and format to avoid errors.
Creating a "Date" Data Type Column
To create a column with the "Date" data type, the following syntax is correct:
CREATE TABLE Orders ( Order_ID INT PRIMARY KEY, Book_name VARCHAR(100), ISBN VARCHAR(100), Customer_ID INT REFERENCES Customer, Order_date DATE );
However, the provided code attempts to use the "date" keyword as a data type, which is incorrect.
Interpreting Literal Dates
Literal dates, such as '02-08-2015', are interpreted according to the system's culture settings. This can lead to unexpected results if the format doesn't match the expected one (e.g., MM-DD-YYYY instead of DD-MM-YYYY).
Specifying Dates in a Culture-Independent Format
To avoid interpretation errors, it's recommended to use culture-independent formats for dates. The following options are available:
- Universal format: 20150730 (30th July 2015)
- ODBC format: {d'2015-07-30'}
- ISO 8601: '2015-07-30T00:00:00'
Querying Dates Before a Specified Date
To find dates before a specific date, such as 2nd August 2015, the following query can be used:
SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE Order_date <p>This query utilizes the culture-independent ISO 8601 format for the comparison.</p>
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