Why Does My Parent Container Have a Vertical Scrollbar Even Though Child Elements Match Its Height?

Why is There a Vertical Scroll Bar despite Equal Heights of Parent and Child Elements?

In web development, it's not uncommon to encounter a scenario where a parent container (e.g., .displayContainer) displays an unnecessary vertical scrollbar even though its child elements have the same height. This problem arises due to a subtle default setting in CSS known as vertical-align: baseline.

Vertical Alignment and Descenders

The vertical-align property defines the vertical alignment of inline-level (e.g., buttons, inputs) and table-cell elements. By default, its value is baseline. This setting allows browsers to create space below these elements to accommodate descenders, which are lowercase letters that extend below the baseline, such as "j", "g", and "y".

Impact on Scroll Bar

When inline-level elements within a container have vertical-align: baseline, they are slightly lifted from the container's bottom edge to make room for descenders. This added space contributes to the container's height, triggering an overflow and the appearance of a vertical scrollbar.

Solutions

To remove the unnecessary scrollbar, you can:

• Override vertical-align: baseline: Change the value to bottom, top, or another desired alignment.
• Use display: block: Switch the child elements' display property from inline-block to block.
• Set line-height: 0: Apply line-height: 0 to the parent container to eliminate line spacing.
• Set font-size: 0: Set the parent container's font-size to 0. You can then restore the font size on the child elements if needed.

By implementing one of these solutions, you can eliminate the vertical scrollbar while maintaining the intended height and layout of your parent and child elements.

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