How Can JavaScript's Conditional Operator (?:) Simplify If-Else Statements?

Using the Conditional Operator in JavaScript

The conditional operator ?: is a powerful tool for concise code writing. It condenses if-else statements into a single line.

To use the conditional operator, provide it with a test expression, followed by a question mark (?). If the test expression is true, it evaluates the expression after the question mark. If it's false, it evaluates the expression after the colon (:).

For example, consider the following if-else statement:

var userType;
if (userIsYoungerThan18) {
  userType = "Minor";
} else {
  userType = "Adult";
}

Using the conditional operator, we can simplify this to:

var userType = userIsYoungerThan18 ? "Minor" : "Adult";

The conditional operator is versatile and can be used for drink serving logic as well:

serveDrink(userIsYoungerThan21 ? "Grape Juice" : "Wine");

Like all expressions, the conditional operator can be used as a standalone statement with side-effects, albeit uncommon:

userIsYoungerThan21 ? serveGrapeJuice() : serveWine();

Complex conditions can even be chained:

serveDrink(userIsYoungerThan4 ? 'Milk' : userIsYoungerThan21 ? 'Grape Juice' : 'Wine');

While powerful, excessive use of chained conditional operators can lead to convoluted code.

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