Can C Functions Nest Within Other Functions?

Can Functions Nest Within Functions in C ?

In C , the answer to this question depends on the version of the language being used.

Modern C (C 11 and Later)

Yes, with lambdas:

int main() {
  auto print_message = [](std::string message) {
    std::cout << message << "\n";
  };

  // Prints "Hello!" 10 times
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    print_message("Hello!");
  }
}

C 98 and C 03

No, not directly. However, you can use static functions inside local classes as a workaround:

int main() {
  struct X {
    static void a() {}
    void b() {
      a();  // can call static member function inside non-static function.
    }
  };

  X::a(); // call the function from outside the class.

  X my_x;
  my_x.b(); // call the second function from outside the class.

  return 0;
}

Caution

In C 98 and C 03, using local classes and static functions to simulate nested functions is not a common practice and may be confusing to other developers.

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