Why Am I Getting a 'Parameter Index Out of Range' Error in My Java Database Code?

Parameter Index Out of Range Error in Java Database

When attempting to interact with a database using Java, you may encounter the error "java.sql.SQLException: Parameter index out of range (1 > number of parameters, which is 0)". This error indicates a discrepancy between the SQL statement and the values provided for its parameters.

Cause:

The error occurs when you attempt to set a parameter using the PreparedStatement object, but the corresponding SQL statement does not include placeholders (?) for that parameter. Using setString() or other setter methods without a corresponding placeholder in the query will trigger this error.

Solution:

To resolve this error, ensure that your SQL statement contains placeholders for every parameter you intend to set through the PreparedStatement object. The placeholders should be represented as question marks (?) in the statement.

Example:

Incorrect statement:

String sql = "INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (val1, val2, val3)";

Correct statement:

String sql = "INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";

Additional Considerations:

• Parameter indexes start from 1, so the first placeholder in the statement should be assigned to the first parameter you set through PreparedStatement.
• Avoid using single or double quotes around the placeholders, as this will interpret them as string values rather than placeholders.

Further Resources:

• [JDBC Tutorial - Prepared Statements](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/basics/prepared.html)

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