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Hey there, fellow developers! ?
Ever had a user complain about your website being slow? Or maybe you've watched in horror as your Lighthouse performance score gradually dropped with each new feature? Trust me, I've been there. Today, let's dive deep into frontend optimization techniques that will make your websites lightning fast.
Let's get real for a moment. According to Google, 53% of mobile users abandon sites that take longer than 3 seconds to load. That's huge! Plus, since 2021, Google has been using Core Web Vitals as a ranking factor. So if you want your site to rank well and keep users happy, performance isn't optional – it's essential.
Images are often the heaviest assets on a webpage. Here's how to handle them like a pro:
<picture> <source srcset="image.webp" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="image.jpg" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="image.jpg" alt="A fallback image"> </picture>
Always compress your images! Tools like Sharp, ImageOptim, or Squoosh can help you achieve this without noticeable quality loss.
<img src="image.jpg" loading="lazy" alt="Lazy loaded image">
JavaScript can make or break your site's performance. Here are some battle-tested strategies:
Instead of sending one huge bundle, split your code into smaller chunks:
// Before import { heavyFeature } from './heavyFeature'; // After const heavyFeature = () => import('./heavyFeature');
Add this to your webpack config:
module.exports = { performance: { maxAssetSize: 244000, // bytes maxEntrypointSize: 244000, hints: 'error' } };
Inline critical CSS and defer non-critical styles:
<head> <!-- Critical CSS inline --> <style> /* Your critical styles here */ </style> <!-- Non-critical CSS deferred --> <link rel="preload" href="styles.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> </head>
Use PurgeCSS to remove unused styles:
// postcss.config.js module.exports = { plugins: [ require('@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss')({ content: ['./src/**/*.html', './src/**/*.js'] }) ] };
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://api.example.com"> <link rel="preload" href="critical-font.woff2" as="font" crossorigin>
const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => { entries.forEach(entry => { if (entry.isIntersecting) { // Load your content loadContent(); } }); }); observer.observe(document.querySelector('.lazy-section'));
Don't just optimize and forget! Set up monitoring:
<picture> <source srcset="image.webp" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="image.jpg" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="image.jpg" alt="A fallback image"> </picture>
Remember, performance optimization is not a one-time task – it's an ongoing process. Start with the low-hanging fruit like image optimization and proper loading techniques, then move on to more complex optimizations as needed.
What performance optimization techniques have worked best for you? Share your experiences in the comments below!
Happy coding! ?
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