Should I Embed Images as Base64 in CSS or HTML?

Embedding Images as Data/Base64 in CSS or HTML

To minimize server requests, you've considered embedding PNG and SVG images as BASE64 strings directly into your CSS, utilizing an automated build process to simplify the task. While this approach offers some advantages, it's crucial to evaluate its limitations before implementation.

Advantages of Embedding Images as Data/Base64

• Reduced server requests, potentially improving site speed.

Disadvantages of Embedding Images as Data/Base64

• Compatibility Issues: Embedding images as Data/Base64 does not work in Internet Explorer 6 and 7 and has a maximum file size limit of 32kb in IE8.
• Bloated HTML: Although it reduces server requests, embedding images in Data/Base64 increases the size of your HTML page, potentially making it slower to load.
• Non-Cacheability: Embedded images cannot be cached by browsers, causing them to reload every time the page or stylesheet is accessed.
• Size Increase: Base64 encoding increases image file sizes by approximately 33%.
• Server Strain: If served in a gzipped resource, embedded images can put significant strain on the server due to their CPU-intensive compression requirements.

Alternative to Embed Images as Data/Base64

While embedding images as Data/Base64 can be a solution for very small images that are frequently used together and where compatibility with IE is not a concern, it's generally not recommended as a standard practice. Consider optimizing your images using other methods, such as image sprites or CSS sprites, to reduce server requests without compromising on functionality or performance.

Bonus Question: Embedding CSS and JS as Data/Base64

It's not advisable to embed CSS and JS as Data/Base64. This approach raises the same concerns regarding compatibility, HTML bloat, cacheability, and performance as embedding images. Additionally, it can hinder development and debugging due to poor readability of the code.

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