How to Run Selenium Headless in Xvfb on an EC2 Instance?

Running Selenium in Xvfb

Problem Description:

When attempting to run Selenium in Xvfb on an EC2 instance, users encounter an error: "cannot open display: :0".

Solution:

To run Selenium in Xvfb headless mode, utilize PyVirtualDisplay or xvfbwrapper for Python.

PyVirtualDisplay Approach:

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('http://www.google.com')
print browser.title
browser.quit()

display.stop()

Xvfbwrapper Approach:

from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb

vdisplay = Xvfb()
vdisplay.start()

# launch stuff inside virtual display here

vdisplay.stop()

Using xvfbwrapper with a Context Manager:

from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb

with Xvfb() as xvfb:
    # launch stuff inside virtual display here
    # It starts/stops in this code block.

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