How to Solve Laravel Migration Error: Unique Key Length Limit Exceeded?

Laravel Migration Error: Unique Key Length Limit Exceeded

In Laravel, when creating a migration to add a unique key to a column with an overly long string, you may encounter the following error:

[Illuminate\Database\QueryException] SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1071 Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

This error can often be resolved by specifying a smaller length for the column. The default length for a string is 250 characters, which should be adequate for most email addresses and other typical strings.

In your specific migration, you have defined the email column as a string with a length of 320. Try reducing this length to 250 or the default value:

Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->string('email', 250); // or $table->string('email');

If you are still experiencing the error even after adjusting the column length, you can try setting a default string length for your database. In Laravel 5.4 and later, you can achieve this by adding the following to your AppServiceProvider.php file:

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Builder;

public function boot()
{
    Builder::defaultStringLength(191);
}

This will set the default string length to 191 characters for all new columns created in migrations.

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