Why Does My Selenium WebDriver Gmail Login Test Throw an \'ElementNotInteractableException\' When Entering the Password?

Selenium WebDriver Throws Exception in Thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException

Issue:

In a Selenium WebDriver test scenario aiming to capture and test Gmail login, the test fails with an "ElementNotInteractableException" when attempting to enter the password.

Cause:

The "ElementNotInteractableException" is thrown when the WebDriver encounters an element that cannot be interacted with, despite being present in the HTML DOM.

Solutions:

• Temporary Overlay: If another element temporarily overlays the target element, inducing an ExplicitWait with ExpectedCondition "elementToBeClickable" can resolve this.
• Permanent Overlay: If the overlay is permanent, cast the WebDriver as a "JavascriptExecutor" and execute the click operation through JavaScript.

Specific to this Issue:

In this scenario, the cause is the lack of an explicit wait for the password field to become renderable in the HTML DOM. Adding an ExplicitWait with ExpectedCondition "elementToBeClickable" addresses this issue.

Code Solution:

...
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
...
// Wait up to 20 seconds for the password field to become clickable
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']")));
password.sendKeys("test1");
...

By implementing this solution, the test should proceed smoothly, capturing the password correctly and completing the Gmail login test.

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