How to Resolve ImportErrors When Importing Modules from Subdirectories in Python?

Importing a File from a Subdirectory: Resolving ImportErrors

In Python, importing modules from subdirectories can lead to ImportErrors. Consider the following scenario:

Project Structure:

• /project/tester.py
• /project/lib/BoxTime.py

Import Attempt:

import lib.BoxTime

Error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./tester.py", line 3, in <module>
    import lib.BoxTime
ImportError: No module named lib.BoxTime

Solution:

According to the Python Packages documentation (Section 6.4), this error occurs because Python cannot find the /project/lib directory in the Python path. To resolve this, you must add an empty file named __init__.py to the /project/lib directory.

This __init__.py file serves as an indicator that the directory should be treated as a package. Once added, Python will include /project/lib in the path, enabling you to import BoxTime using lib.BoxTime or import lib.BoxTime as BT.

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