Can URL-Encoding Solve Special Character Issues in SQLAlchemy Connection Strings?

Using URL-Encoding to Handle Special Characters in Database Connection Strings

Developing Python applications with SQLalchemy often involves establishing database connections using connection strings. However, special characters in passwords can cause parsing issues. Can we modify the connection string or its password component to enable proper parsing?

Consider a password containing special characters like "p@ss". When incorporated into a connection string like "postgresql://user:p@ss@host/database," the characters "@" and ":" are interpreted as delimiters, hindering a successful connection.

One workaround is to use the engine.URL.create() method and pass credentials directly. However, manually encoding the connection string would be preferable if possible.

The solution lies in URL-encoding the password portion of the string:

from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from sqlalchemy.engine import create_engine
engine = create_engine("postgres://user:%s@host/database" % quote_plus("p@ss"))

This method is employed by SQLAlchemy's URL representation class to escape passwords. By URL-encoding the password, you can handle special characters and ensure proper parsing of the connection string.

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