How can I pass an array as individual arguments to a function in PHP?

Deferencing an Array as Function Arguments in PHP

Developers may recall a technique in PHP that enables them to pass an array as individual arguments to a function. However, retrieving the specifics of this technique can be challenging.

As of PHP 5.6 , the introduction of the "splat operator" (or "variadic functions") simplifies this process significantly. The syntax involves the ... token before an array, which distributes the array's elements as separate arguments to the function.

function variadic($arg1, $arg2) {
    // ...
}

$array = ['Hello', 'World'];
variadic(...$array); // => 'Hello World'

The indexed array elements are assigned to arguments based on their position in the array. Additionally, for PHP 8 and higher, named arguments allow for the use of associative array keys.

$array = [
    'arg2' => 'Hello',
    'arg1' => 'World'
];
variadic(...$array); // => 'World Hello'

The splat operator method is also notably efficient, outperforming other techniques like call_user_func_array.

Apart from the core functionality, you can also utilize type hinting on the splat operator parameter. By declaring it as the last parameter and bundling all passed values into the array, you ensure that all values match a specific type. This is particularly useful for ensuring an array contains elements of a specific class.

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