How to Create a Global Hotkey in Go (Golang)?

How to Implement a Global Hotkey in Go (Golang)?

Creating a global hotkey that works across platforms in Go (Golang) involves tapping into system calls. Here's how you can achieve this:

1. Load Operating System-Specific Libraries

Go's syscall package allows you to perform system calls. However, the interface varies across operating systems. To access platform-specific documentation, run:

godoc -http=:6060

Navigate to http://localhost:6060/pkg/syscall/ for a detailed overview.

2. Define Hotkey Type

Create a type to represent hotkeys with a unique ID, modifiers (Alt, Ctrl, etc.), and a key code.

type Hotkey struct {
    Id        int // Unique id
    Modifiers int // Mask of modifiers
    KeyCode   int // Key code, e.g. 'A'
}

3. Load User32.dll on Windows

For Windows support, load the user32.dll:

user32 := syscall.MustLoadDLL("user32")
defer user32.Release()

4. Register Hotkeys

Find and call the RegisterHotkey() function from user32.dll to register your hotkeys. For example:

// Hotkeys to listen to:
keys := map[int16]*Hotkey{
    1: &Hotkey{1, ModAlt + ModCtrl, 'O'},  // ALT+CTRL+O
    2: &Hotkey{2, ModAlt + ModShift, 'M'}, // ALT+SHIFT+M
    3: &Hotkey{3, ModAlt + ModCtrl, 'X'},  // ALT+CTRL+X
}

// Register hotkeys:
for _, v := range keys {
    r1, _, err := reghotkey.Call(
        0, uintptr(v.Id), uintptr(v.Modifiers), uintptr(v.KeyCode))
    if r1 == 1 {
        fmt.Println("Registered", v)
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Failed to register", v, ", error:", err)
    }
}

5. Listen for Hotkey Events

Find and call the PeekMessage() function from user32.dll to listen for global key presses.

peekmsg := user32.MustFindProc("PeekMessageW")

6. Handle Hotkey Events

Create a loop to continuously check for hotkey events. If a registered hotkey is pressed, print its details to the console.

for {
    var msg = &MSG{}
    peekmsg.Call(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), 0, 0, 0, 1)

    // Registered id is in the WPARAM field:
    if id := msg.WPARAM; id != 0 {
        fmt.Println("Hotkey pressed:", keys[id])
        if id == 3 { // CTRL+ALT+X = Exit
            fmt.Println("CTRL+ALT+X pressed, goodbye...")
            return
        }
    }

    time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 50)
}

By following these steps, you can create a global hotkey that works consistently across different operating systems in Go (Golang).

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