How to Compile Multiple C Files in Visual Studio Code and Resolve Unresolved References?

Multi-File C Compilation in Visual Studio Code

When compiling multiple C files with Visual Studio Code (VS Code), it's possible to encounter issues related to unresolved references. This is because the default compilation command in VS Code only targets the currently selected file.

To resolve this, VS Code can be configured to compile all the necessary files in a directory. In the build task settings for the project, modify the target file from "g ${file}" to "g ${fileDirname}/**.cpp". This command will recursively compile all .cpp files within the directory, including header files.

For example, consider the following code:

• a.h

<code class="cpp">int func();</code>

• a.cpp

<code class="cpp">#include <iostream>
#include "a.h"
using namespace std;

int func() {
    return 111;
}</code>

• main.cpp

<code class="cpp">#include "a.h"
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int b = func();
    cout << b << endl;
}</code>

Without the modified build task, compiling main.cpp using "g directory/main.cpp -o directory/main.out -g -Wall -fcolor-diagnostics -std=c 11" will result in "Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64" errors.

However, using the modified build task, "g main.cpp a.cpp -o main.out" will successfully compile and link the code.

This approach is especially useful when working with projects that have multiple source files and header files organized in different directories. By configuring the build task accordingly, Visual Studio Code can efficiently compile all the necessary files to produce a working executable.

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