How can I convert between different struct types in Go?

Struct Conversion in Go

In Go, structs provide a convenient way to represent data with named fields. However, situations may arise where one needs to convert structs of different types.

Consider the following example:

<code class="go">type A struct {
    a int
    b string
}

type B struct {
    A
    c string
    // more fields
}</code>

Suppose you have a variable of type A and want to convert it to type B. Is there a built-in mechanism for this conversion in Go?

The answer is yes. In Go, struct fields can be embedded, allowing for easy conversion between structs. In the example above, B embeds A, which means it contains all the fields of A as its own fields.

To convert a variable of type A to type B, you can simply assign the value of A to the embedded A field in B. Here's how:

<code class="go">func main() {
    // create structA of type A
    structA := A{a: 42, b: "foo"}

    // convert to type B
    structB := B{A: structA}
}</code>

This code assigns the value of structA to the embedded A field in structB, effectively converting structA to type B.

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