When employing Spring JPA with Hibernate, the Entity Manager acts as the primary interface for interacting with the database. Understanding how connections are managed and released back to the connection pool is crucial for efficient database operations.
The persistence context proxy that implements the Entity Manager collaborates with the Transactional Aspect and Transaction Manager for transaction management. The Transactional Aspect intercepts transactional methods, while the Transaction Manager manages database transactions.
During transactional method calls, the Transactional Aspect determines whether a new transaction should be started or an ongoing one should be used. The Transaction Manager then acquires a connection from the connection pool if necessary and binds it to the current thread.
When a transaction is completed (either through commit or rollback), the Entity Manager's Transaction API calls the JDBC Connection commit/rollback methods. The JDBC Transaction then initiates a Hibernate Session close, which in turn triggers the closing of the logical and physical JDBC connections.
Finally, the logical connection calls the DataSourceConnectionProvider, which simply closes the JDBC connection. However, this does not close the physical connection. Instead, the connection pooling DataSource maintains the connection in its pool, ready for reuse.
For RESOURCE_LOCAL transactions, you may need to set the hibernate.connection.provider_disables_autocommit property to prevent the connection pool from disabling autocommit checks. This ensures that database connections are acquired lazily when necessary, improving performance.
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