How to Fix cURL Error Code 60 \"SSL Certificate Problem\" in Amazon PHP SDK on Windows?

How to Resolve PHP cURL Error Code 60 While Using Amazon PHP SDK

When attempting to establish a PHP environment on Windows using WAMP and the Amazon PHP SDK, a user encounters error code 60: "SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate."

Problem Details:

The error message indicates that cURL is unable to locate the certificate's issuer during SSL verification. This can occur when the local certificate bundle is missing or invalid.

Original Resolution Attempt:

The user has added the following line to php.ini:

curl.cainfo = C:\Windows\ca-bundle.crt

However, this has not resolved the issue.

Alternative Solution:

1. Obtain the Root Certificate Bundle: Download the CA certificate root certificate bundle from: https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem.
2. Save the Bundle: Copy the certificate bundle to your disk and store it in a known location.
3. Update php.ini: Modify php.ini to use the new certificate bundle:

curl.cainfo = "path_to_cert\cacert.pem"

Restart your web server and attempt to run the sample test again. The error code 60 should be resolved.

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