How to Transpose a Matrix in Python Using Zip and the * Operator?

Transposing a Matrix in Python

Transposing a matrix involves switching the rows and columns, resulting in a new matrix where the jth element in the ith row becomes the ith element in the jth row. For instance, transposing the following 2x3 matrix:

A=[[1, 2, 3],
   [4, 5, 6]]

produces the transposed matrix:

[[1, 4],
[2, 5],
[3, 6]]

Using Zip with *

An efficient way to transpose a matrix in Python is to utilize the zip() function in conjunction with the * operator:

<code class="python">def transpose(matrix):
  return zip(*matrix)</code>

This approach iterates over the columns of the input matrix and produces tuples representing the rows of the transposed matrix. If a list of lists is desired as output, the following can be used:

<code class="python">def transpose(matrix):
  return [list(x) for x in zip(*matrix)]</code>

Alternatively, one can apply the map() function along with the list constructor:

<code class="python">def transpose(matrix):
  return map(list, zip(*matrix))</code>

These methods effectively switch the indices of the input matrix, resulting in a transposed matrix that meets the desired criteria.

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