Member Access and Inheritance

• In Java, instance variables of a class are often declared private to protect access and prevent tampering.

• Inheritance does not invalidate the private access restriction.

• Even if a subclass inherits all the members of its superclass, it will not be able to access the members declared as private.

• For example, if width and height are declared private in TwoDShape, the Triangle subclass will not be able to access them.

• The Triangle class will not compile because it tries to access width and height, which are private in TwoDShape, causing an access violation.

• Private variables can only be accessed by members of the class in which they were declared; subclasses do not have access to these variables.

• Although this may seem like a restriction, it is possible to work around the problem using accessor methods.

• Accessor methods can be used to provide controlled access to private variables.

• The following is an example of how to modify TwoDShape and Triangle to use accessor methods for width and height.

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