Linux USB boot installation: Good news for ultra-portable laptops, detailed steps

Linux hard disk boot installation is a relatively useful technique for machines without hard disks, especially ultra-portable computers and notebooks. You can make the hard disk into a bootable disk, then copy the contents of the installation CD to the hard disk, and finally install it. There are two ways to boot and install Linux hard disk. Here we will introduce one first. Let’s introduce another one next to it. This article introduces the installation of Ubantu system.

The main steps are: first make a bootable hard disk, then boot the computer from the hard disk, and install the Ubuntu system from the hard disk. It is recommended to use the latest version of Ubuntu to make a bootable card reader. The following is a step-by-step introduction.

1. Overview of bootable hard disk production

There is no doubt that booting from the hard disk is very convenient, but the prerequisite is that its capacity must be large enough to at least accommodate the installation CD content (about 700MB), so the minimum capacity is recommended to be 1GB. It is reported that we also need to use a software, namely SYSLINUX. Versions before version 3.00 of this software only support the FAT16 file system; starting from version 3.00, SYSLINUX also supports FAT32, and it is recommended to use the FAT16 file system because it has better compatibility.

After plugging in the hard disk, you can run the dmesg command or the sudofdisk-l command to view the device name assigned by the system. Readers please note

Note, whenever you encounter /dev/sdX1 in the future, please replace the X in it with your specific device address.

We use two software to manually create the boot hard drive, namely Unetbootin and LiveUSBcreator, or use a command line script isotostick.sh to manually create the boot card reader.

2. Automatically create a bootable hard drive

Unetbootin is a program with a graphical user interface, which can be used under Windows or Linux systems. This software realizes the manual creation of a bootable hard disk from an ISO file. This software has two advantages. First, it has a friendly graphical user interface, and we can easily use it to create an Ubuntu boot hard disk; second, it has a friendly graphical user interface. It can run under both Windows and Linux systemsU disk boot installation linux, and can even be run directly from a liveCD (that is, a CD that can be directly booted into a usable Linux system.).

If you need to activate the original Ubuntulivecd boot menu, for example if you want to disable the framebuffer or you want to read the Ubuntulivecd help screen and cheatcodes, you can make the following changes to your hard drive after the UNetbootin installation is complete: First, delete SYSLINUX. CFG file Linux should learn this way, or rename it to SYSLINUX.OLD; after that, switch to the ISOLINUX folder, rename the ISOLINUX.CFG file to SYSLINUX.CFG, and finally connect the folder ISOLINUX to the innermost u disk Start installing linux, but rename it to SYSLINUX

LiveUSBcreator also has a graphical user interface and can only be run from a LiveCD. This software can manually create an Ubuntu boot hard drive from an UbuntuLiveCD. The method is very simple. First, run the LiveCD and install the LiveUSBcreator software. After that, you can install the Ubuntu system from the startup hard disk through the system management menu.

isotostick.sh is a command line shell script that runs on Linux systems. We can download the script and make a bootable hard disk through the following command:

sudoapt-getinstallsyslinuxmtools

wget

chmod+xisotostick.sh

sudo./isotostick.shubuntu-7.10-desktop-i386.iso/dev/sdX1

一定注意不要忘掉用硬盘实际分区名取代里面的/dev/sdX1。当该脚本企图复制符号联接/dists/stable和/dists/unstable时，会收到类似于“operationnotpermitted”的错误消息，这是因为FAT16文件系统未能处理符号链接所致，不过别害怕，由于这对我们的工作没有任何影响。

好了，如今我们早已制做好了启动Linuxubantu硬盘引导安装的硬盘了，这么就可以从该盘引导并安装Ubuntu系统了，实际上接出来的安装跟从光碟安装没哪些区别。就不详尽介绍了。

◆安装结束后，编辑/etc/fstab，致使/media/cdrom0指向CD驱动器而不是硬盘。倘若您没有这样做的话常用linux系统，当您挂载硬盘时会收到一条错误消息"Cannotmountvolume.Invalidmountoptionwhenattemptingtomountthevolume"。这是由于安装程序觉得它正在从CD驱动器安装。

为了编辑/etc/fstab，须要首先打开它，命令如下所示：

sudogedit/etc/fstab

找到如下内容（一般是在文件顶部）：

/dev/sdb1/media/cdrom0udf,iso9660user,noauto,exec,utf800

我们在这一行开头处加上一个＃将其注释掉，如下所示：

#/dev/sdb1/media/cdrom0udf,iso9660user,noauto,exec,utf800

其实，假如你喜欢您也可以把实际的cdrom挂载点重新命名为/media/cdrom0。

保存该文件，即可完成Linux硬盘安装的手动引导安装了。

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