Linux File Systems: Characteristics of File Names, Case, Extensions, and File Types

On Linux, any software and I/O devices are considered files and the file name in Linux supports a maximum of 256 characters, which can be named with A~Z, a~z, 0~9 and other characters. Unlike Windows, file names in Linux are case-sensitive, and all UNIX series directories follow this rule. There is no concept of c drive (such as C drive, D drive) under Linux, but only directories. Different hard disks are mounted in different directories.

It is reported that Linux files do not have extensions, so the file name under Linux has nothing to do with its type. For example, abc.exe can be a text file, and abc.txt can also be an executable file. Files under Linux can be divided into 5 different types: ordinary files, directory files, link files, device files and pipeline files.

1. Ordinary files

It is the most commonly used type of file, which is characterized by structural information that does not contain file system information. Files that general users come into contact with, such as graphics files, data files, document files, sound files, etc., all fall into this category. This type of file can be divided into text files and two's complement files according to their internal structure.

2. Directory files

Directory files are files used to store file names and related information. It is the basic node through which the kernel organizes the file system. Directory files can contain lower-level file directories or ordinary files. In linux, there are several file types in linux system. Directory file is a kind of file. However, the directory file in Linux is different from the concept of "directory" in other operating systems. It is a type of Linux file. 3. Link files

A link file is a special file that actually points to a link to a real file.

There are several file types in the Linux system

, similar to the shortcut method under Windows. Detailed dictionary of different Linux commands for linking files, which can be subdivided into hard link files and symbolic link files.

4.Device files

Device files are the most special files in Linux. It is precisely because of its existence that the Linux system can access external devices very conveniently. The Linux system provides a standard socket for external devices and treats external devices as a special file. Users can access any external device just like ordinary files, so that the Linux system can easily adapt to the ever-evolving external devices. Generally, Linux systems place device files in the /dev directory. The device file uses the device's major device number and minor device number to specify an external device. According to the different forms of accessed data, device files can be divided into block devices and character devices.

5. Pipeline file

Pipeline files are a very special file, mainly used for information transfer between different processes. When two processes need to transfer data or information, channel files can be used. One process writes the data or information that needs to be transferred to one end of the pipeline, and another process obtains the required data or information from the other end of the pipeline. Generally, the pipeline is built in the adjustment cache.

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