How to choose Alibaba Cloud Server ECS operating system? What are the differences between Windows and Linux systems?

With the development of website server technology, more and more webmasters choose cloud servers first when building websites. Nowadays, Alibaba Cloud Server ECS stands out and has become the first choice of most webmasters' website servers. So for webmasters who have just come into contact with cloud servers, how to choose the Alibaba Cloud Server ECS operating system suitable for the website? What are the differences between the Alibaba Cloud Server ECS operating systems? What are the differences between Alibaba Cloud Linux servers and Windows servers.

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First of all, we need to be clear about the differences between each system and the differences on Alibaba Cloud:

1.Windows

1.1) The system contains genuine activation.

1.2) Suitable for running programs developed under Windows, such as .net, etc.

1.3) Supports databases such as SQL Server (need to be installed by yourself).

1.4) You can use remote desktop mode to log in for management.

Note: 512 video memory does not support the Windows system, and 1G or more video memory can support this system well.

2.Linux

2.1.1) The most popular server-side operating system, with powerful security and stability.

2.1.2) Free and open source, easy to build and compile source code.

2.1.3) Remotely access your cloud server through SSH.

2.1.4) It is usually used for high-performance web and other server applications, supports common programming languages ​​such as PHP/Python, and supports databases such as MySQL (need to be installed by yourself).

2.2CentOS (recommended) please use yum form to install the software online.

2.3Ubuntu please use aptitude form to install software online.

2.4Debian please use apt-get to install software online.

2.5AliyunLinux (compatible with RedHat) please use yum form to install the software online. The yum source requires you to order commercial support from redhat yourself.

Operating system replacement rules:

1. Change operating system

Please stop the cloud server before changing the systemlinux 64-bit operating system. Changing the operating system of the cloud server will directly reset the system disk [IP remains unchanged], and the system disk data will be lost!

Please note:

1.1. Changing the operating system will replace the system disk of the cloud server with a new image, and the data on the original system disk will be lost.

1.2. The data on the cloud server data disk will not be affected.

1.3. It is recommended that you back up the personal data of the system disk to the data disk, or use other methods for backup.

1.4. Alibaba Cloud is not responsible for data loss caused by your failure to back up personal data related to the system disk.

1.5. The cloud server with 512M video memory does not support changing the Windows operating system.

2.CPU/Video Memory and Operating System Selection

2.1) If you need to select/change graphics memory above 4G, please select a 64-bit operating system (32-bit operating systems have polling restrictions).

2.2) If you choose a 32-bit operating system, the video memory page above 4G will not be displayed temporarily. It can only be displayed if the cloud server is replaced with a 64-bit operating system.

2.3) Windows 32-bit operating system supports a maximum CPU of 4 cores.

2.4) Configuration: [CPU: 1 core; Video memory: 512M] cloud server does not support selecting/changing the Windows operating system.

Windows Chapter

Alibaba Cloud provides 6 types of window systems, including Server2003spsp2 and Server20082008RR2 operating systems.

It is divided into 32-bit and 64-bit

(1)How to choose 32-bit or 64-bit

Compared with 64-bit systems, the main limitation of 32-bit systems is the size of the video memory. Due to the limitations of 32-bit itself, it can only support up to 4GB of video memory. If your website uses less than 4GB of video memory or is prepared to expand the video memory to more than 4GB in the future, please use a 64-bit operating system.

(2) Choose 2003 or 2008

For windows, my personal suggestion is to choose a higher version, the better. Relatively speaking, the new version has fewer vulnerabilities, and IIS7.5 provides more functions and a more convenient console than IIS6. And considering that your machine configurations are different, here are several options:

A: Configuration higher than quad-core 2GB video memory: select server2003 without database installation and configure quad-core 4GB: server2003mssql or server20082008RR2 without database

B: Configuration lower than quad-core 8GB: serever20082008RR22mssqlmssql recommends that if you want to run the database on a cloud server, try to choose a large video memory configuration, or increase the configuration to use RDS

(3)How to choose between Chinese, English and security-reinforced versions

This is based on your own preferences. I won’t go into details here. As for the Windows server configuration tutoriallinux 64-bit operating system, there are many online tutorials and Windows configuration is more difficult than Linux. Low, so the Windows configuration tutorial will be released later.

Linux Chapter

(1)What are the differences between these major categories of Linux

Debian: Use the deb package and use the APT package management system.

At the same time, Debian provides newer versions of most software and more software packages (compared to the original RedHat). Debian's advantages include rapid updates, software package creation (especially Ubuntu), and easy operation. The disadvantage is that sometimes the stability is not good, and there may be bugs in following the latest software.

Centos: Use rpm package and yum package management system.

Compared with Debian, one of the major features of Centost is its slowness. Most of the software stays in stable versions and is far from the latest version. And some new features of some new versions of software are also relatively slow to support, such as php-fpm.

Since Centos is an operating system provided for enterprise users, it is very outstanding in terms of stability. Usually, the former is preferred when it comes to new features or stability. Only when a certain function is completely confirmed to be stable can it be added to the system. The advantages are that the system is stable, technical documentation is established, and if you pay, you can get enterprise-level technical support. The disadvantage is that the software package is older and some newer features may be lacking.

To summarize: If you like to try new things, like to use the latest features or like to mess with the system, Debian is a better choice.

Difficulty to get startedUbunt

(2)Choice between Debian and Ubuntu

Ubuntu is developed based on Debian. You can simply think that Ubuntu is an enhanced version of Debian.

Compared with Debian, Ubuntu provides more user-friendly system configuration, more powerful system operations, and more radical software updates than Debian.

Comparing Ubuntu with Debian, you can feel that Debian tends to be more conservative. Ubuntu is more friendly to novices and easier to get started.

Those who have used Ubuntu will feel how easy it is to use. On the contrary, if you have used Ubuntu and then switch to another system, you will feel uncomfortable. Ubuntu is really convenient.

Personal suggestion, if you are going to choose Debian, it is recommended to choose Ubuntu.

Ubuntu provides better operation, more radical software updates, more convenient software management and almost the same stability.

If you don’t want to give up stability, please choose Debian.

About Ubuntu version selection:

Here is the explanation of Ubuntu version support time. The regular version of Ubuntu only provides 18 months of technical support, regardless of expiration.

The server version provides three years of technical support. Therefore, it is recommended that you choose version 12.04, which provides 5 years of technical support to ensure that your server can continue to receive system upgrade patches and available software sources during a long period of waiting.

(3)Centos selection

For the choice of Alibaba Cloud Centos, it is recommended to choose Centos6.5 version, which brings more new features and more new functions.

Unless your software requires the php5.1 environment linux command manual, then choose Centos6.5. If the website needs to support php5.1, Centos5.8 can only be used.

As for the specific version selection, it is recommended that php5.1 users choose Centos5.8, and other users choose Centos6.5.

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