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Package development and publishing in Composer

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Composer 的包开发和发布指南:创建目录和初始化 Composer。定义包元数据,包括名称、描述和作者。创建代码。在 Packagist 上认证并上传包。提交包并等待审核。

Composer 中的包开发和发布

Composer 中的包开发和发布

Composer 是 PHP 中常用的包管理工具,它允许开发者轻松地管理和安装代码包。如果你希望开发和发布自己的 Composer 包,以下指南将逐步指导你完成该过程。

开发包

  1. 创建一个新目录:
    使用终端导航到你的工作区并创建一个新目录:

    mkdir my-package
    cd my-package
  2. 初始化 Composer:
    运行以下命令初始化 Composer:

    composer init

    这将创建 composer.json 文件。

  3. 定义包元数据:
    编辑 composer.json 文件并添加以下元数据:

    {
      "name": "my-vendor/my-package",
      "description": "My description",
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "John Doe",
          "email": "johndoe@example.com"
        }
      ],
      "require": {},
      "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
          "MyVendor\\MyPackage\\": "src/"
        }
      }
    }
  4. 创建代码:
    在 src/ 目录下创建 PHP 类。例如:

    <?php
    
    namespace MyVendor\MyPackage;
    
    class ExampleClass
    {
      public function exampleMethod()
      {
        echo "Hello World!";
      }
    }

发布包

  1. 认证 Packagist:
    前往 Packagist 网站,创建帐户并对帐户进行身份验证。
  2. 上传包:
    运行以下命令生成包存档并上传到 Packagist:

    composer archive
    composer network install --prefer-source
  3. 提交包:
    导航到 Packagist 控制面板,提交你的包并等待审核。

实战案例

以下是一些使用 Composer 开发和发布包的实战案例:

  • [开发一个用于发送邮件的包](https://github.com/PHPMailer/PHPMailer)
  • [建立一个轻量级的依赖注入框架](https://github.com/container-php/container-php)
  • [构建一个 ORM 库](https://github.com/doctrine/orm)

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