PHP Git practice: How to solve the problems that may be caused by multi-person collaboration in code management and collaboration?

Answer: Two common problems in Git collaboration are code conflicts and incompatible changes. Code conflicts: When multiple people modify the same file at the same time, code conflicts will occur, and you need to manually edit the file to resolve the conflicts. Incompatible changes: When collaborators make incompatible changes, such as modifying the database schema and code logic, the code needs to be manually adjusted to ensure compatibility.

PHP Git Practical Combat: Conflict and Merge under Multi-person Collaboration

Git is a distributed version control system. Allows multiple developers to collaborate on the same project at the same time. However, multi-person collaboration can also lead to problems such as code conflicts and incompatible changes.

Code Conflict

When two developers modify the same file at the same time, code conflicts may occur. Git will throw conflict errors when merging these changes. To resolve the conflict, you need to manually edit the file and resolve the conflict.

The following is a PHP Git practical case to demonstrate how to resolve code conflicts:

// 文件：index.php

// 用户 A 的更改
echo 'Hello, world!';

// 用户 B 的更改
echo 'Goodbye, world!';

When merging the changes of user A and user B, Git will generate conflicts:

Merge conflict in index.php
Auto-merging index.php
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in index.php

To resolve the conflict, you need to manually edit index.php and choose which changes will be retained:

// 合并后的 index.php

echo 'Hello, world! Goodbye, world!';

Incompatible changes

Sometimes, dev Incompatible changes are made when people collaborate with each other. For example, one developer may change the database schema, while another developer may change the code logic. These changes may cause merge errors.

Resolving incompatible changes requires a careful review of the code before merging. If incompatible changes are found, the code will need to be manually adjusted to make it compatible.

The following is a PHP Git practical case that demonstrates how to handle incompatible changes:

// 文件：model.php

// 用户 A 的更改（修改数据库模式）
class User {
    public $id;
    public $username;
}

// 文件：controller.php

// 用户 B 的更改（使用新的数据库模式）
function create_user($username) {
    $user = new User();
    $user->username = $username;
    $user->save();
}

When merging the changes of user A and user B, incompatible changes will occur Error:

Merge conflict in model.php
Auto-merging model.php
CONFLICT (rename-delete): model.php:6: User has been renamed to User

Merge conflict in controller.php
Auto-merging controller.php
CONFLICT (new): controller.php

To resolve incompatible changes, controller.php needs to be manually adjusted to use the new database schema:

// 合并后的 controller.php

function create_user($username) {
    $user = new User;
    $user->username = $username;
    $user->save();
}

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