Classification and applicable scenarios of Java frameworks

Classification and applicable scenarios of Java framework

Java framework is a pre-built software component that simplifies the development of Java web applications. It provides a set of features and services that allow developers to focus on the business logic of the application rather than the underlying pipeline and infrastructure.

Category

Web Framework

• is used to build dynamic Web applications, handle HTTP requests, and response management , session management and other web-related tasks.
• For example: Spring MVC, Struts, Play Framework

Persistence Framework

• is used to store and retrieve data, providing Advanced methods for interacting with databases.
• For example: Hibernate, JPA, iBatis

Testing framework

• is used to write and run unit and integration tests to ensure Application correctness.
• For example: JUnit, Mockito, TestNG

Security Framework

• is used to protect applications from security threats, such as Authentication, authorization, encryption and auditing.
• For example: Spring Security, Shiro, Keycloak

Utility framework

• Provides common functions such as logging, caching , internationalization and email sending.
• For example: Apache Commons, Guava, Jackson

Applicable scenarios

• Small-scale applications: Spring Boot, Vert.x and other lightweight frameworks.
• Enterprise-level applications: Spring, JEE, Play Framework and other full-stack frameworks.
• Performance-critical applications: Non-blocking frameworks such as Reactor and Jakarta EE.
• Microservice architecture: Vert.x, Micronaut and other lightweight frameworks.
• Data-intensive applications: Hibernate, JPA and other persistence frameworks.

Practical Case

Consider a web application scenario that needs to interact with a MySQL database. We can use Spring MVC as the web framework and Hibernate as the persistence framework:

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;

    // 省略 getters 和 setters
}

@Controller
public class PersonController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public String homePage() {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setName("John Doe");
        // 使用 Hibernate 保存实体
        em.persist(person);
        return "Saved person with ID: " + person.getId();
    }
}

This example shows how to build a simple CRUD application using Spring MVC and Hibernate.

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