C++ Programming Standards: Develop good programming habits and create high-quality code

C++ Programming Standards: Develop good programming habits and create high-quality code

Good programming standards are to write high-quality, maintainable code key. This article will introduce the best practices followed in C++ programming and help you develop good programming habits.

Naming convention

• Use lowercase letters, separated by underscores in special cases (such as snake_case).
• Class names start with uppercase letters, and member variables and methods start with lowercase letters (such as ClassName::member_variable).
• Avoid using Hungarian nomenclature (such as m_member_variable).

Code format

• Use indentation to represent code blocks (usually 4 spaces).
• Use curly braces to surround all blocks of code, even if there is only one statement.
• Use spaces for alignment, such as aligning function parameters or member variable initialization.

Variable declaration

• Variables should be declared in the smallest scope in which they are needed.
• Prefer the const and constexpr modifiers for improved performance and security.
• Avoid global variables as they are difficult to maintain.

Function Definition

• Functions should be short, purposeful, and do one thing.
• Parameters should be passed by reference or value, depending on the need.
• Exceptions should be handled explicitly and logged.

Practical case: Custom sorting algorithm

The following code demonstrates how to implement a custom sorting algorithm:

#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

class CustomComparator {
public:
    bool operator()(const int& a, const int& b) const {
        // 自定义排序逻辑
        return a % 2 > b % 2;
    }
};

int main() {
    std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 3, 9, 2, 8, 7, 0, 5};

    // 使用自定义比较器对向量进行排序
    std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), CustomComparator());

    // 输出排序后的向量
    for (int num : numbers) {
        std::cout << num << " ";
    }

    std::cout << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

In the above In the code, the CustomComparator class implements custom sorting logic so that odd numbers are sorted before even numbers. By passing this comparator to the std::sort function, we can sort the vector according to custom logic.

Additional Recommendations

• Use a version control system for collaboration and code tracking.
• Conduct unit testing and integration testing on the code to ensure correctness.
• Regularly review code and follow best practices to improve code quality.

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